>[!abstract] >The Gaia hypothesis, proposed by James Lovelock in the 1970s (with key contributions from Lynn Margulis), suggested that Earth functions as a self-regulating, living metaorganism where the biosphere, atmosphere, oceans, and geosphere interact to maintain conditions suitable for life. It was and remains a provocative idea, and its reception has evolved significantly over time. >[!related] >- **North** (upstream): — >- **West** (similar): — >- **East** (different): — >- **South** (downstream): —