>[!abstract]
>More than half of motorists rate themselves as above-average drivers, which is mathematically impossible (assuming a normal distribution).
## Studies
- 74% of drivers (n = 909) rated themselves above average
| Study | Sample | Finding |
| -------------------- | --------------------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
| Williams (2003) | 909 drivers | 673 (≈74%) rated themselves above average ([en.wikipedia.org](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illusory_superiority?utm_source=chatgpt.com "Illusory superiority")) |
| Svenson (1981) | 161 students in U.S./Sweden | 93% (U.S.) rated above-average skill, 88% safety |
| Roy & Liersch (2014) | Controlled self-assessment | People use personal definitions of “good driving” |
>[!related]
>- **North** (upstream): —
>- **West** (similar): —
>- **East** (different): —
>- **South** (downstream): —