>[!abstract] >A taxonomy of logical fallacies ([[Curtis, 2023]]). ## Formal - Propositional - Affirming the consequent - Denying the antecedent - Affirming a disjunct - Denying a conjunct - Improper transposition - Probabilistic - Base rate fallacy - Conjunction fallacy - Fallacy of the sheep - Independence fallacy - Gambler's fallacy - Hot hand fallacy - Lottery fallacy - Multiple comparisons fallacy - Over-extrapolation - Syllogistic - Illicit process - Illicit major - Ilicit minor - Exclusive premises - Affirmative conclusion from a negative premise - Negative conclusion from affirmative premises - Four-term fallacy - Quantificational - Existential fallacy - Illicit contraposition - Illicit conversion - Some are / some are not - Bad reasons - Fallacy fallacy - Modal - Modal scope fallacy - Others - Masked man fallacy ## Informal - Accident - Appeal to ignorance - Black-or-white fallacy - One-sidedness - Special pleading - Over-precision - Over-generalization - Vagueness - Fallacy of the heap - Weak analogy - Biased sample - Hasty generalization - Anecdotal fallacy - Non causa pro causa - Cum hoc - Post hoc - Regression fallacy - Slippery slope - Texas sharpshooter fallacy - Ambiguity - Amphiboly - Scope fallacy - Quantifier shift - Dangling comparative - Equivocation - Redefinition - No-true-Scotsman - Ambiguous middle - Quoting out of context - Accent - Red Herring - Genetic fallacy - Ad verecundiam - Appeal to celebrity - Etymological fallacy - Ad hominem - Poisoning the well - Two wrongs make a right - Tu quoque - Appeal to consequences - Appeal to force - Emotional appeal - Wishful thinking - Guilt by association - Hitler card - Straw man - Bandwagon fallacy - Begging the question - Question-begging analogy - Loaded words - Appeal to nature >[!related] >- **North** (upstream): — >- **West** (similar): — >- **East** (different): — >- **South** (downstream): —